Set a non-negotiable return time that protects boarding, then count backward through transit frequency, walking time, and security variability. Double any connection under ten minutes. If your inbound is late, trim the city plan first, never the buffer. Future you will be thankful.
Check average wait times before you leave the terminal, then purchase fast-track access only if today’s numbers justify it. Keep liquids organized, battery packs charged, and travel documents reachable. Frequent-flyer or trusted-traveler lanes vary by terminal, so verify your return gate before committing.
Decide in advance what delay cancels the city dash, and write it down. If your inbound loses fifteen minutes, switch to the fastest option. If it loses thirty, enjoy an on-airport micro-adventure instead. Keeping choices pre-planned removes doubt and preserves your energy.